In recent years,with the rapid development of interdisciplinary studies such as molecular biology,genomics and systems biology,and with the breakthroughs in genome sequencing and other technologies,molecular marker-assisted selection and transgenic technology gradually became two important means of plant/animal breeding.Despite of the achievements,however,there are a number of problems in molecular breeding that need to be addressed immediately.As the major agronomic and economic traits of plants or animals are usually very complex and controlled by multiple genes,the modifi cation of a single or several functional genes is inadequate for the overall improvement of the target’s complex traits.Thus efficient,targeted and In recent years, with the rapid development of interdisciplinary studies such as molecular biology, genomics and systems biology, and with the breakthroughs in genome sequencing and other technologies, molecular marker-assisted selection and transgenic technology gradually became two important means of plant / animal breeding .Despite of the achievements, however, there are a number of problems in molecular breeding that need to be addressed immediately. AS the major agronomic and economic traits of plants or animals are usually very complex and controlled by multiple genes, the modifi cation of a single or several functional genes is inadequate for the overall improvement of the target’s complex traits.Thus efficient, targeted and