一、灌溉水的利用现状在涵闸、虹吸、扬水站引水后经过干、支、斗、农、毛等各级渠道灌水入田的过程中,总有一部分水量损失,如渗漏、蒸发、弃水、跑水等。被利用的那部分水量常用灌溉水的有效利用系数来表示,一般分为渠系有效利用系数及田面有效利用系数。所谓渠系有效利用系数,是指农渠出口的总水量占渠首总引水量的百分比,反映从渠首到农渠各级渠道的输水损失。它与渠道工程的质量、防渗措施和管理运用有直接关系。田面有效利用系数,是指被作物吸收的水量占农渠出口水量的百分比,它与田间工程的质量、土地平 I. Status of Irrigation Water Utilization In the process of irrigating water from culvert gates, siphons and pumping stations through various channels including dry, branch, bucket, agriculture and wool, there is always a part of water loss such as seepage, evaporation and waste disposal , Running water and so on. It is expressed by the effective utilization coefficient of the commonly used irrigation water of that part of water, which is generally divided into the effective utilization coefficient of canal and the effective utilization coefficient of the field. The so-called effective utilization coefficient of canal system refers to the percentage of the total amount of water that is exported from agricultural drainage channels to the total water discharge of the culverts and reflects the water loss losses from the channels to the channels at all levels of the agricultural channels. It is with the quality of channel engineering, anti-seepage measures and management have a direct relationship. Effective utilization coefficient of the field refers to the amount of water absorbed by the crop as a percentage of the amount of water in the outlet of a farming canal. It is related to the quality of the field works,