一、引言光致变色材料的起源,可以追溯到1876年人们从二硝乙烷的钾盐中发现颜色变化开始。在这以后的整整一个世纪中,光致变色材料已经有了数百种化合物,至今它在有机和无机物中都有着广阔发展前景。这类材料的主要特性是紫外光照射后,能发生颜色变化并且是可逆的。根据此类材料的灵敏度特 I. INTRODUCTION The origins of photochromic materials can be traced back to the discovery by 1876 of the color change found in the potassium salt of dinitration ethane. Photochromic materials have had hundreds of compounds for a century or more since then, and so far they have broad prospects for organic and inorganic applications. The main characteristic of this type of material is the change in color that occurs after UV exposure and is reversible. Depending on the sensitivity of such materials