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目的 对Willis动脉环及其穿支进行解剖观察与测量 ,为临床手术提供依据。方法 在手术显微镜下对 5例成人尸体头颅经眶颧额颞下入路对动脉环进行显微解剖研究。结果 Willis动脉环由前交通动脉、左右大脑前动脉A1段、左右颈内动脉、左右后交通动脉及左右大脑后动脉内侧段组成。Willis动脉环变异多 ,尤其以大脑前动脉A1段明显 ,且左侧A1外径大于右侧A1外径。脑底动脉环上各部均有穿支发出 ,一般从起源动脉发出后走向内上方分布到垂体柄、视束、视交叉、丘脑、下丘脑、基底节和内囊等区域供血。结论 熟悉Willis动脉环的显微解剖 ,保护好其穿支是获得良好的手术效果的关键
Objective To study the anatomy and measurement of Willis arterial ring and its perforator branch and provide basis for clinical operation. Methods Under the operation microscope, the anatomical study of the artery rings on 5 adult cadaver heads through the frontotemporal and infratentorial approach was performed. Results Willis arterial ring by the anterior communicating artery, left and right anterior cerebral artery segment A1, left and right internal carotid artery, left and right posterior communicating artery and left and right posterior cerebral artery medial segment. Willis arterial ring variation, especially in the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery obvious, and the left A1 outer diameter greater than the right A1 outer diameter. Department of cerebrocortical rings all have perforating branches issued, usually issued from the origin artery after the distribution to the pituitary stalk, optic tract, optic chiasm, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia and internal capsule and other areas of blood supply. Conclusion Being familiar with the microsurgical anatomy of the Willis arterial ring and protecting its perforation are the keys to good surgical outcomes