气缸盖铸件内的残余应力常使气缸盖的底平面在机械加工后产生不平度。发动机在工作过程中,气缸盖的不平度还可能因残余应力和工作应力的共同影响而加剧。结果,气缸盖和气缸体接合处密封性变坏,发动机的使用性能下降。分析Д—50和Д—240发动机气缸盖的几何形状得知,带燃烧室的气缸盖铸件(Д—50)冷却时,在形成燃烧室和气道的构件间 Residual stresses in the cylinder head casting often cause the bottom plane of the cylinder head to create a roughness after machining. Engine work in the process, the cylinder head of the unevenness may also be due to residual stress and work stress intensified. As a result, the sealability of the joint between the cylinder head and the cylinder block deteriorates, and the serviceability of the engine deteriorates. Analysis of the geometry of the cylinder heads of the Д-50 and Д-240 engines revealed that when the cylinder head castings with combustion chamber (Д-50) were cooled, between the components forming the combustion chamber and the air passage