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目的了解住院肿瘤患者乙肝病毒(HBV)、丙肝病毒(HCV)、艾滋病病毒(HIV)和梅毒的感染情况及乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)水平。方法对13 471例住院肿瘤患者的血清,用时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术(TRFIA)定量检测乙肝两对半(HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb);用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)定性检测丙肝抗体(抗-HCV)、抗艾滋病抗体(抗-HIV)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)。结果HBsAg阳性率为15.22%,抗-HCV阳性率为1.69%,抗-TP阳性率为3.27%,抗-HIV阳性率为0.07%,该4项检测共检出2 730例阳性,总阳性检出率为20.26%;HBsAb含量在0～10 mIU/ml的患者为51.68%,含量在10～100 mIU/ml的患者为27.37%,含量大于100 mIU/ml的患者为20.95%。结论检测住院肿瘤患者血液传染性相关指标,了解住院肿瘤患者的感染情况,对预防医源性感染,减少医患纠纷,防止医务人员因职业暴露而感染相关传染病,加强医务人员的自我保护意识有重要意义;住院肿瘤患者HBsAb含量偏低,不能有效抵抗HBV感染,应采取相应措施,提高免疫力,有效预防HBV感染。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), HIV and syphilis in hospitalized patients and the level of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAb). Methods Serum samples from 13 471 inpatients with oncology were assayed by TRFIA. HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb were detected quantitatively by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV), anti-AIDS antibody (anti-HIV), Treponema pallidum antibody (anti-TP). Results The positive rate of HBsAg was 15.22%, the positive rate of anti-HCV was 1.69%, the positive rate of anti-TP was 3.27% and the positive rate of anti-HIV was 0.07%. A total of 2 730 positive and total positive tests The rate was 20.26%. The patients with HBsAb level of 0 ~ 10 mIU / ml were 51.68%, those with levels of 10 ~ 100 mIU / ml were 27.37%, those with levels of more than 100 mIU / ml were 20.95%. Conclusion In hospital, the detection of blood transfusion-related indicators in patients with cancer, to understand the infection of hospitalized patients with cancer, to prevent iatrogenic infection, reduce doctor-patient disputes, to prevent medical staff due to occupational exposure and infection-related infectious diseases, and strengthen medical staff’s self-protection awareness Is of great significance; HBsAb in hospitalized patients with cancer is low, can not effectively resist HBV infection, should take appropriate measures to improve immunity, effective prevention of HBV infection.