从美国20世纪50年代和现代分别对日本和伊拉克的“现代化改造”的成功和失败可以看出传统文化的重要作用,从而引出在中国现代化的发展过程中应如何处理“传统”和“现代”之间关系的问题。本文提出了这一过程中要走出的空间和时间上的两大误区,以及要注意保留传统,将传统和现代很好地结合,并在现代化进程中发扬和推进传统的观点。 From the success and failure of the “modernization” of Japan and Iraq in the 1950s and the modern era respectively, the United States can see the important role of traditional culture and lead to the question of how to deal with “traditional” and “modern” development in the process of China’s modernization. The relationship between the problem. This article puts forward two major errors and omissions in space and time in this process. We must pay attention to preserving the tradition, combining tradition with modernity, and promoting and advancing the traditional viewpoints in the process of modernization.