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目的 :本研究旨在探讨多种环境因素对成都市成人肺结核发病危险的影响 ,进一步确定成人肺结核发病的危险因素。方法 :设计方案为社区病例 -对照研究 ,通过调查居住环境 (如居住拥挤程度 ,通风条件 ,光照及潮湿情况 ,卫生状况 )及工作环境 (粉尘 ,化学气雾和烟雾的空气污染程度等因素 ) ,设计及实施中控制偏依并采用多元回归分析 ,排除混杂因素等方法 ,找出独立的肺结核发病的危险因素。结果 :研究显示居住环境差 (潮湿 ,黑暗 ,拥挤 ,不卫生 )和工作环境空气污染 (大量粉尘、化学气雾 )是成人肺结核发病的独立危险因素。结论 :降低肺结核的发病率 ,除有效治疗 ,控制传染源外 ,保证其住房的干燥、通风、清洁和明亮及防止工作环境的空气污染等 ,在降低肺结核发病方面亦是不可忽略的。
Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of various environmental factors on the incidence of adult pulmonary tuberculosis in Chengdu and to further determine the risk factors for adult pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: The design was a community case-control study. By investigating the living environment (such as the degree of living congestion, ventilation conditions, light and humidity conditions, sanitation status) and working environment (dust, chemical mist and air pollution degree of smoke) , Design and implementation of partial control and the use of multiple regression analysis, excluding confounding factors and other methods to identify the independent risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: Studies have shown that poor living conditions (wet, dark, crowded, unhygienic) and work environment air pollution (large amounts of dust, chemical aerosols) are independent risk factors for tuberculosis in adults. Conclusion: To reduce the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, in addition to effective treatment, control of sources of infection, to ensure that their houses dry, ventilated, clean and bright and prevent air pollution in the working environment, etc., in reducing the incidence of tuberculosis can not be ignored.