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一般常用的中外文解剖学书籍对硬脑膜副动脉的描述过于简略或不够正确,某些流行的错误概念和矛盾没有得到及时的澄清。调查了33具尸体57侧。观察结果: (1)出现率:在32具尸体的50侧找到硬脑膜副动脉,占调查尸体数97.0％,占调查侧数87.7％。 (2)类型统计:按主干的起始点和行径分类型。凡主干起于土颌动脉者列入第一类(Ⅰ),起于硬脑膜中动脉者列入第二类(Ⅱ),两干分别起始者列入第三类(Ⅰ—Ⅱ)和第四类(Ⅱ—Ⅱ);凡主干行经下颌神经后股或舌神经和下齿神经外侧者为浅型(S),行经这些神经内侧者为深型(P),两干分别走神经内外侧者为浅深型(SP)和浅—深型(S—P),主干沿下颌神经后缘入卵圆孔后部者为卵圆孔型(O)。统计结果见表2和表3。按起点分类,以第二类(Ⅱ)为最多(70％);按行径分型,以深型(P)为最多(50％);把起点和行径结合起来分类型,以ⅡP类型为最多(40％)。 (3)与卵圆孔和翼棘孔的关系:硬脑膜副动脉虽常有细小分支进入卵圆孔供给下颌神经颅内段,但主干极少有进入卵圆孔的。多数硬脑膜副动脉的主干或深干进入翼棘孔, 少数则有分支进入翼棘孔。 (4)分支分布:硬脑膜副动脉分支分布于翼外肌、翼内肌、张腭肌、蝶骨大翼颞下面、下颌神经等结构,此外,还常有一小分支经卵圆孔附属小孔或小切迹入颅中窝,供给卵圆孔前硬脑膜。最后,对常用解剖学书籍的扼要描述作了建议;讨论了可能有人种差异的问题;并建议采用名词“翼肌脑膜动脉”。
Commonly used Chinese and English anatomical books on the description of the dural artery too brief or not correct enough, some of the popular error concepts and contradictions have not been clarified in time. 33 bodies of 57 bodies were investigated. Observations: (1) Incidence rate: The dura mater was found on the 50 sides of 32 corpses, accounting for 97.0% of the total number of corpses, accounting for 87.7% of the surveyed sides. (2) type statistics: by the starting point of the trunk and the classification of the type. Where the main stem from the arteries of the human artery included in the first category (Ⅰ), from the dural artery included in the second category (Ⅱ), two stems were included in the first three categories (Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and The fourth category (Ⅱ-Ⅱ); where the main line through the mandibular nerve after the shares or the lingual nerve and the lateral hypothalamic nerve were shallow (S), those who medial deep through these nerves (P), the two were inside the innervation of the nerves The outer side of the deep type (SP) and shallow - deep type (S-P), the trunk along the posterior edge of the mandibular nerve into the foramen ovale of the foramen ovale (O). The statistical results are shown in Table 2 and Table 3. According to the starting point classification, the second type (Ⅱ) is the most (70%); according to the line type, the deep type (P) is the most (50%); the starting point and the line type are combined, 40%). (3) the relationship between the foramen ovale and pterygopteryx: although the dural branch often has a small branch into the foramen ovale cranial nerve intracranial segment, but very few trunk into the foramen ovale. The majority of the dural arterial or trunk deep into the wing spine hole, a few branches into the wing spine hole. (4) branch distribution: dural branch of the branches located in the pterygoid wing, wing muscles, palatal muscle, sphenoid wing temporomandibular, mandibular nerve and other structures, in addition, often also a small branch of the foramen ovale Hole or small incision into the skull fossa, foramen ovale before supply. Finally, a brief description of the commonly used anatomical books was made; the possible differences in races were discussed; and the term “wing myofascial artery” was suggested.