目的:探讨胎儿宫内输血的临床应用价值。方法:对6例胎儿贫血致胎儿水肿的病例进行经脐静脉宫内输血治疗,输血孕周21+6~30+5周,输血量为15~60 ml,输血1~2次。结果:宫内输血后胎儿贫血症状均得到不同程度改善,MCAPSV值4例降低,1例未改变,1例增高。胎儿腹水及水肿4例消失或减轻,1例无改善,1例继续加重。分娩4例新生儿3例存活,随访其身高、体重及神经行为发育均正常,1例新生儿RDS死亡,2例胎死宫内。结论:宫内输血是一种相对安全的胎儿宫内治疗手段。输血后的胎儿成活率与其本身的疾病状态有关,明确胎儿贫血、水肿原因及掌握宫内输血适应证对改善胎儿预后有直接关系。在胎儿水肿原因不明时仅靠宫内输血改善贫血并不能提高围生儿存活率。 Objective: To investigate the clinical value of intrauterine transfusion. Methods: Six cases of fetal edema caused by fetus anemia were treated by trans umbilical intravenous transfusion. The gestational weeks of transfusion were 21 + 6-30 + 5 weeks. The volume of transfusion was 15-60 ml and transfusion was performed 1 ~ 2 times. Results: After intrauterine blood transfusion, fetal anemia symptoms were improved to some extent. The MCAPSV value decreased in 4 cases, 1 case was unchanged and 1 case increased. Fetal ascites and edema in 4 cases disappeared or reduced, 1 case without improvement, 1 case continued to increase. Three newborns in childbirth survived in 3 cases, and their height, weight and neurobehavioral development were normal at follow-up. One newborn died of RDS and two died of intrauterine death. Conclusion: Intrauterine transfusion is a relatively safe method of intrauterine therapy. Fetal survival rate after transfusion and its own disease state, a clear fetal anemia, edema and to understand the indications for intrauterine transfusion to improve the prognosis of the fetus has a direct relationship. In unknown causes of fetal edema, intrauterine transfusion only to improve anemia and can not improve perinatal survival.