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1.引言炭纤维(CF)具有比重小、强度高、弹性模量高等特点,特别是强度比钢高三倍左右。用它制成的炭/炭复合材料完全是由碳构成的,因此,在无氧气氛中,在高温下具有很高的化学稳定性。人们期待着它作为难以被其它物质所代替的材料,应用于各个领域。现在,已经用做协和式飞机的制动材料、导弹的鼻锥材料及主要耐烧蚀材料;在人工牙齿方面,也进行了实用化的研究。最近亦作为核反应堆及核裂变炉的结构材料;还进行了人造关节等医用材料、涡轮机及汽轮机等材料的研究。
1. Introduction Carbon fiber (CF) has the characteristics of small specific gravity, high strength and high modulus of elasticity, especially the strength is about three times higher than that of steel. Carbon / carbon composites made from it are made entirely of carbon and therefore have high chemical stability at high temperatures in an oxygen-free atmosphere. It is expected that it will be used in various fields as a material that is hard to be replaced by other substances. It has been used as a braking material for Concorde aircraft, a missile nose cone material, and a major erosion-resistant material. Practical studies have also been conducted on artificial teeth. Recently also as a nuclear reactor and nuclear fission furnace structural materials; also conducted artificial joints and other medical materials, turbines and turbines and other materials research.