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干物质的积累是作物净光合作用的重要标志,是最终经济产量形成的物质基础。对于某一特定作物品种来说,干物质积累水平主要由环境条件所决定。水分消耗作为大豆最重要的生命过程、生育期内水分供应条件的好坏,必将影响大豆生产力水平的能量和物质转化过程。本研究利用田间试验方法,通过对不同生育期的灌水处理,研究了不同水分条件下大豆干物质重增长的不同动态,它们都表现为S型无动差曲线变化趋势。通过求取五种水分条件下干物重增长数学模型的参数,分别建立了它们的数学模型,从而定量地揭示了大豆干物质积累与水分条件的关系。 通过进一步计算,得到不同水分条件下干物重最大增长率的出现时间分别为88天、93天、95天、96天、96天。所对应的干物质日增量极大值为15.71、11.28、10.12、9.72和8.92克/m~2·日。 通过不同水分条件对植株产量的影响的分析,看到大豆营养生长阶段水分保证的重要性。但增长效率即每单位水量增加的值株产量则以花荚期为最高,每10毫米水量可增产2.0％。
The accumulation of dry matter is an important indicator of net photosynthesis in crops and the material basis for the final economic yield. For a given crop species, the level of dry matter accumulation is mainly determined by environmental conditions. Water consumption as the most important life process of soybean, the water supply conditions during the growth period is good or bad, will certainly affect the level of soybean productivity and energy conversion process. In this study, field experiment was used to study the different dynamics of dry weight gain of soybean under different water conditions through irrigation treatment at different growth stages. All of them showed the trend of S-type no-traverse curve. Through calculating the parameters of the mathematical model of dry matter weight growth under five water conditions, the mathematical models of them were established respectively, which quantitatively revealed the relationship between dry matter accumulation and water conditions. By further calculation, the maximum growth rates of dry matter weight under different water conditions were found to be 88 days, 93 days, 95 days, 96 days and 96 days respectively. The corresponding daily maximums of dry matter were 15.71, 11.28, 10.12, 9.72 and 8.92 g / m ~ 2 · day. Through the analysis of the effects of different water conditions on plant yield, we can see the importance of moisture guarantee during the vegetative growth stage of soybean. However, the growth efficiency, ie, the increase in value per unit of water yield per plant was the highest in the flowering and podding stages, with a yield increase of 2.0% per 10 millimeter of water.