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热轧或冷轧钢板的冷成形是汽车生产的必需工序。抗拉强度大于500M Pa的微合金化高强度低合金钢板(HSLA)已广泛应用于汽车生产。然而,双相钢以其十分优异的成形性而同样具有更大的应用价值。此类具有双相或三相显微组织的钢板是采用各种生产工艺路线或热处理工艺以及对应的化学成分的调整而生产的。相变诱导塑性融入双相钢中,进一步提高了钢板的使用性能。生产上述各类钢的最佳工艺是通过铌进行微合金化。铌能细化显微组织,从而提高钢板的机械性能。随着铌加入量的增加,不仅使钢板强度提高,而且可提高延展性,使钢板抗拉强度与延伸率乘积成幂指数增加。因此,具有最佳性能的多相钢也依赖于铌的微合金化。
Cold forming of hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel sheet is an essential step in automobile production. Microalloyed high strength low alloy steel sheets (HSLA) with a tensile strength of more than 500 MPa have been widely used in automobile production. However, dual-phase steel with its very good formability and also have greater application value. This type of steel with two-phase or three-phase microstructure is produced using a variety of manufacturing process routes or heat treatment processes and corresponding chemical composition adjustments. Phase change induced plastic into dual-phase steel, to further improve the performance of steel. The best process for producing these types of steels is micro-alloying with niobium. Niobium can refine the microstructure, thereby improving the mechanical properties of steel. With the addition of niobium, not only the strength of the steel sheet is increased, but also the ductility can be improved so that the product of tensile strength and elongation of the steel sheet increases exponentially. Therefore, the best performance of multi-phase steel also depends on niobium microalloying.