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目的：对微血栓动物模型行普通肝素和低分子量肝素的治疗，通过内皮细胞计数（CEC）、内皮素（ET）、一氧化氮（NO）三项指标观察分析其血管内皮细胞损害及肝素的治疗效果。方法：对18只wistar大鼠行尾静脉注射高分子右旋糖苷（高右），制成微血栓动物模型。其中12只在高右基础上分别予普通肝素（普肝组，n＝6）和低分子量肝素（低肝组，n＝6）治疗。其余6只不治疗。另以5只wistar大鼠行尾静脉注射生理盐水为正常对照组（对照组，n＝5）。对上述各组作循环内皮细胞计数（CEC）、血浆内皮素（ET）及一氧化氮（NO）测定。结果：高右组CEC、ET高于对照组和治疗组（P＜0．05），NO则低于对照组和治疗组（P＜0．05）。治疗组的上述结果均有明显恢复至对照组的趋势。结论：微血栓大鼠有血管内皮损伤，普通肝素及低分子量肝素不仅能抗微血栓形成，且可促进血管内皮细胞功能恢复，其中以低分子量肝素为优。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of unfractionated heparin (LMWH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on the thrombolytic model of micro thrombosis. The vascular endothelial cell damage and heparin level were analyzed by three indexes of endothelial cell count (CEC), endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO) treatment effect. Methods: Twenty-eight wistar rats were injected intravenously with high molecular weight dextran (high right) to make a micro-thrombus animal model. Twelve of them were treated with unfractionated heparin (Pu liver group, n = 6) and low molecular weight heparin (low liver group, n = 6) on a high right basis respectively. The remaining 6 are not treated. Another 5 wistar rats were injected normal saline into the tail vein as control group (n = 5). Circulating endothelial cell count (CEC), plasma endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in the above groups. Results: The CEC and ET levels in high right group were significantly higher than those in control group and treatment group (P <0.05), while those in NO group were lower than those in control group and treatment group (P <0.05). The results of the treatment group were significantly restored to the trend of the control group. Conclusion: Microvascular thrombosis in rats with vascular endothelial injury, unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin not only anti-microthrombosis, and can promote endothelial cell function recovery, of which low molecular weight heparin is excellent.