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在个别动词作谓语的英文句子中,主语和宾语可以互换位置,宾语反客为主,构成正话反说的现象。一方面,谓语动词并不转为被动语态或过去分词,而仍然采用主动表达;另一方面,句义保持不变,或大致相同。基本句式可表示为:“A+动词+B”=“B+动词+A”。这类独特的动词不妨称之为双向动词。双向动词集正向和逆向意义于一身,同时具有词义和句子结构上的可逆性。在正向和逆向之间转换时,有的双向动词需要借助于介词,有的不用。由此双向动词可分为三种,即无需介词的双向动词,增添介词的双向动词和变换介词的双向动词。下文将对常见的双向动词举例介绍。
In English sentences in which individual verbs are used as predicates, the subject and object can be interchanged, and the object is mainly anti-offer, which constitutes the phenomenon of positive reversal. On the one hand, predicate verbs do not turn into passive voices or past participles, but still use active expression; on the other hand, the meaning of a sentence remains the same, or is roughly the same. The basic sentence pattern can be expressed as: “A+verb + B” = “B + verb + A”. This kind of unique verb may be called a two-way verb. The two-way verb set has both positive and negative meanings, and it has both word sense and sentence structure reversibility. When converting between forward and reverse, some two-way verbs need to use prepositions, and some do not. The two-way verbs can be divided into three types: two-way verbs without prepositions, two-way verbs with prepositions, and two-way verbs with prepositions. Below is an example of a common two-way verb.