近视有两种,即一般近视与高度近视。后者的屈光度在—6.0以上,有明显眼轴延长和眼底变性,系常染色体隐性遗传。本文讨论的仅指一般近视。近视与遗传的关系迄今尚有争论。国外一般认为近视是遗传决定的,国内过去较重视环境因素。倾向于环境因素的证据为:(1)近视发生率与近眼工作量有关;(2)实验动物中长期注视近物可诱发近视。倾向于遗传因素的证据为:(1) Myopia there are two, that is, the general myopia and high myopia. The latter diopter at -6.0 or more, there are obvious axial extension and fundus degeneration, Department of autosomal recessive inheritance. This article discusses only the general myopia. The relationship between myopia and inheritance has so far been controversial. Foreign generally believe that myopia is genetically determined, the more emphasis on domestic environmental factors in the past. Evidences that favor environmental factors are: (1) the incidence of myopia is related to near-eye workload; and (2) near-term fixation of long-term animals in experimental animals can induce myopia. Evidence that tends to genetic factors is: (1)