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目的了解广州市越秀区在校青少年健康危险行为现状,分析其相关影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取越秀区大、中学在校学生889名,采用广州市青少年健康危险行为调查问卷进行调查。影响因素分析采用Logistic回归分析。结果越秀区青少年过去7 d内偏食、西式快餐、吃路边摊、喝碳酸饮料和甜食的发生率分别为36.30%、19.10%、13.00%、12.10%和11.90%;过去30 d中锻炼减肥60.10%,节食减肥28.50%;过去7 d内每天课外学习、上网和玩电子游戏≥1h的报告率为70.90%、66.90%和41.70%;中学生离家出走意念报告率25.90%,自杀意念报告率9.10%,学习压力重报告率为24.10%,大部分健康危险行为中,不同性别及不同学习阶段学生间差异大多有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:尝试吸烟、有意伤害过自己、学习压力大和抑郁是自杀意念的危险因素,大学生是自杀意念的保护因素;有意伤害过自己和母亲的文化程度为高中是游戏成瘾的危险因素。结论应重视青少年危险行为,采取综合干预措施,培养青少年健康行为习惯,提高在校青少年的整体健康水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of health risk behaviors of adolescents in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City and analyze the related influential factors. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 889 students from primary and secondary schools in Yuexiu District. The survey was conducted using the questionnaire of health risk behaviors among adolescents in Guangzhou. Analysis of influencing factors using Logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence rates of partial eclipse, western fast food, street vendors, carbonated drinks and sweets in Yuexiu District in the past 7 days were 36.30%, 19.10%, 13.00%, 12.10% and 11.90%, respectively. Over the past 30 days, exercise was 60.10 %, Dieting and weight loss by 28.50%; report rate of 70.90%, 66.90% and 41.70% per day for extra-curricular study, internet access and video games in the past 7 days; 25.90% for middle school students leaving home, and 9.10 for suicide ideation %. The reported rate of learning stress was 24.10%. Most of the health risk behaviors showed significant differences among students of different genders and stages (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that attempting to smoke, intentionally hurting themselves, learning stress and depression were the risk factors of suicidal ideation. College students were the protective factors of suicidal ideation. The education level of high school students who intentionally hurt themselves and their mothers was risk of addiction factor. Conclusion Adolescents should pay attention to the risk behaviors and take comprehensive interventions to cultivate the healthy behavior habits of adolescents and improve the overall health of adolescents in school.