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胃肠道病毒,是全球范围内引起经水传播的疾病的主要病原物。寻找检测水环境中具有感染性病毒的方法是当务之急。传统细胞培养是鉴定病毒感染力的金标准,但是仍存在费时、费力、成本高且有些病毒(诺如病毒)无法培养的缺点。常用的分子生物学检测方法在检测水中病毒时,虽然有很高的灵敏度和特异性,但亦存在病毒基因拷贝数和感染力之间缺乏相关性的局限性。本文遂对目前国内外在检测感染性病毒的相关研究方面,能部分克服传统细胞培养和直接聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法检测感染性病毒时之局限性的研究成果作一综述报道。
Gastrointestinal viruses are the major causative agents of waterborne diseases worldwide. Finding ways to detect infectious viruses in the water environment is a priority. Traditional cell culture is the gold standard for identifying the virulence of viruses, but there are still drawbacks that are time consuming, laborious, costly, and inability to grow some viruses (Norovirus). Commonly used molecular biological detection methods in the detection of viruses in water, although there is a high sensitivity and specificity, but there is also a lack of relevance between viral gene copy number and infectivity limitations. This article is currently on the domestic and foreign research in the detection of infectious viruses, can partially overcome the traditional cell culture and direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to detect the limitations of infectious viruses when the research results are reviewed.