细菌感染对于有制菌作用的抗生素通常都有反应,正如细菌感染对于致病微生物杀灭剂的反应一样。但有一些情况,例如当抗菌剂在没有宿主正常防御力的充分支持下而起作用时,制剂的杀菌作用就成为治疗成功的必要条件。传染性心内膜炎及中性白细胞大量减少的病人的菌血症代表这两种情况。脑膜炎、骨髓炎、脓毒性关节炎、不同程度的免疫缺损病人的感染则属于其他感染,其中杀菌活性是首选条件,也可能是必要的。为了在这些病人中监测杀菌疗法,可能采用血清杀菌试验。病人血清杀菌力的测验大约是在用过一剂抗生素后一小时(相当于预期中的药浓度高峰时)和下次用药前的时刻(此际,药浓度最低)。实际上,试 Bacterial infections usually respond to antibiotics that have bacteriostatic effects, just as bacterial infections respond to pathogenic microbicides. However, in some cases, for example, when the antimicrobial agent does not have the full support of the host’s normal defense to play a role, the bactericidal effect of the preparation has become a prerequisite for the success of the treatment. Bacteremia in patients with infectious endocarditis and neutropenia represents both cases. Meningitis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, patients with different degrees of immunodeficiency infection belongs to other infections, of which sterilization activity is the preferred condition, may also be necessary. In order to monitor bactericidal therapy in these patients, a serum bactericidal test may be used. Patient serum bactericidal test is about one hour after the first antibiotic (equivalent to the expected peak drug concentration) and the time before the next dose (in the meantime, the drug concentration lowest). In fact, try