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背景:吸烟严重影响牙周组织及牙根的健康,烟草中的尼古丁会加速牙周病患者牙周组织的破坏,影响骨改建,引起骨吸收。而整合素αvβ3参与正畸牙移动过程中的牙根吸收。目的:以整合素αvβ3在破牙骨质细胞的表达量为主要观察指标,初步探讨尼古丁对正畸牙移动牙根吸收的影响。方法:将110只实验SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、生理盐水组以及0.5mg/kg尼古丁组、0.75mg/kg尼古丁组、1mg/kg尼古丁组。后4组上颌第一磨牙施加50g近中向拉力,同时每日向各组的大鼠腹腔注射一定剂量的尼古丁酒石酸溶液或生理盐水,运用苏木精-伊红染色和免疫组织化学染色,观察各组大鼠上颌第一磨牙加力1,3,5,7,14d的组织变化情况和整合素αvβ3的表达量。结果与结论:随着加力时间的延长的,牙根周围的牙周膜纤维变形,排列紊乱,炎性细胞浸润,压力侧、张力侧以及根分叉处牙根表面开始出现吸收陷窝、破牙骨质细胞。尼古丁注射的剂量越大,牙根表面的吸收陷窝越多越深,破牙骨质细胞显著增加。免疫组化染色结果显示,除空白对照组外,整合素αvβ3在各个实验组的破牙骨质细胞中表达,并且随着加力时间的延长,其表达强度增强,加力7d时呈现强阳性表达,加力达到14d时,表达随之减弱。随着尼古丁注射剂量的增加,整合素αvβ3阳性表达的破牙骨质细胞逐渐增加。结果说明,尼古丁会加重正畸牙移动过程中的牙根吸收,并且可能具有时间依赖性以及剂量依赖性。
BACKGROUND: Smoking seriously affects the health of periodontal tissues and roots. Nicotine in tobacco can accelerate the periodontal tissue destruction in patients with periodontal disease and affect bone remodeling and bone resorption. Integrin αvβ3 is involved in root resorption in the process of orthodontic tooth movement. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nicotine on root resorption in orthodontic tooth movement using the expression level of integrin αvβ3 in osteoblasts. Methods: 110 experimental SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, normal saline group and 0.5mg / kg nicotine group, 0.75mg / kg nicotine group and 1mg / kg nicotine group. The rats in the latter 4 groups were given 50 g proximal pull force while the rats in each group were intraperitoneally injected with nicotine tartaric acid solution or saline at a certain dose. The hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining The changes of the tissues and the expression of integrin αvβ3 in the maxillary first molar at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 d after operation were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The periodontal ligament fibrosis, dislocation, inflammatory cell infiltration, pressure side, tension side and root bifurcation began to appear the absorption lacuna, Osteoblasts. The larger the dose of nicotine injection, the deeper and deeper the lacunar abscesses on the root surface and the more broken cementoblasts. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, in addition to the blank control group, integrin αvβ3 expression in each experimental group of broken alveolar bone cells, and with the extension of time, the expression intensity increased, after 7d showed strong positive Expression, afterburner reached 14d, the expression weakened accordingly. With the increase of the dose of nicotine, the number of integrin αvβ3 positive expression of osteoclast gradually increased. The results suggest that nicotine can increase root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement and may be time-dependent and dose-dependent.