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目的调查儿童轮状病毒(RV)腹泻的流行状况及其影响因素。方法收集天津市儿童医院2007年7月至2008年6月住院的5岁以下腹泻患儿粪便标本962例,采用胶体金免疫层析法快速检测A组RV抗原。结果962例中轮状病毒阳性者361例,阳性检出率37.53%。90.86%的RV腹泻发生在2岁以下患儿。发病高峰主要集中在2007年10月至2008年2月;男女比例为1.85:1;1岁以内的母乳喂养儿阳性检出率较混合喂养儿和人工喂养儿的阳性检出率低(P<0.05);天津地区RV感染率农村高于城市。结论天津市儿童医院收治病例的轮状病毒腹泻流行状况与国内外情况基本一致,秋冬季节高峰,0～<24月龄组的患儿RV腹泻所占比例最大,RV腹泻更易引起脱水症状。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of rotavirus (RV) diarrhea in children and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 962 cases of diarrhea children under 5 years old hospitalized in Tianjin Children ’s Hospital from July 2007 to June 2008 were collected. The antigen of group A was rapidly detected by colloidal gold immunochromatography. Results 961 rotavirus positive cases were 361 cases, the positive detection rate was 37.53%. 90.86% of RV diarrhea occurs in children under 2 years of age. The peak incidence was mainly from October 2007 to February 2008; the male-female ratio was 1.85: 1; the positive detection rate of breastfeeding children within 1 year old was lower than that of mixed feeding and artificial feeding (P < 0.05). In Tianjin, the prevalence of RV infection in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. Conclusions The prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea in Tianjin Children’s Hospital is basically the same as the situation in China and other countries. In the peak season of autumn and winter, RV diarrhea accounts for the largest proportion in 0 ~ <24 months old group and RV diarrhea is more likely to cause dehydration symptoms.