在过去的 2 0年中 ,考古学家们在阿富汗和印度进行了三次大规模的考古发掘 ,依次为阿富汗北部的阿伊哈努姆城址、苏阿德地区的布特卡拉 号遗址和印度北方邦的宋卡城址。本文对以上发掘进行全面回顾 ,重点比较其方法、手段 ,尤其是考古报告的出版方式、内容、成绩与不足。在客观 In the past 20 years, archaeologists conducted three large-scale archeological excavations in Afghanistan and India, in the order of the city of Aykonum in northern Afghanistan, the site of Butkala in the Suad area, and the North of India State Songkhla City site. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the above excavations is made, with emphasis on comparing the methods and means, especially the methods, contents, achievements and shortcomings of archeological reports. Objectively