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一引言敦煌莫高窟第61窟是五代时敦煌曹氏归义军第四任节度使曹元忠营造的功德窟。曹氏归义军五世七任节度使统治敦煌120余年(后梁乾化四年—约北宋景祐四年,914—1037),其中曹元忠在位29年,统治时间最长,是曹氏政权的鼎盛时期。他所建造的第61窟是敦煌石窟中规模最大[1]、内容最丰富、艺术成就最具代表性的洞窟之一,也是敦煌石窟中最具研究价值的洞窟之一。此窟是敦煌石窟中覆斗顶、背屏、中心佛坛类洞
I. INTRODUCTION Cave 61 of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang is a merit temple built by Cao Yuanzhong in the fifth generation when the fourth generation of the Guiyijun of Dunhuang Cao dynasty. Cao Gui Yi Jun Wu Shi Qi Jiedushi dynasty ruled more than 120 years (Beiliangxu four years - about the Northern Song King Yau four years, 914-1037), of which Cao Yuanzhong reigned for 29 years, the longest rule, is Cao The heyday of the regime. One of the largest and most artistic caves in the Dunhuang Grottoes built by Cave 61 is Dunhuang Grottoes, one of the most researched caves in Dunhuang Grottoes. This cave is covered in Dunhuang Grottoes top, back screen, the center of Buddhist altar holes