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目的了解河南省信阳市浉河区病毒性乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗纳入规划免疫后出生的儿童血清学状况,评价乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种效果。方法按照抽样方案要求,随机调查267名1～14儿童,并采集其血清进行乙肝病毒(HBV)表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)检测,对HBsAg阳性者再进行乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)和乙肝病毒e抗体(抗-HBe)的检测。结果信阳市浉河区1～14岁儿童HBsAg阳性率为2.25%,抗-HBs阳性率为89.14%,HBV感染率为28.84%,不同年龄组和性别差异均无统计学意义。结论信阳市浉河区通过14年HepB的接种,农村地区近90%的儿童产生了乙肝保护性抗体,可以有效阻断乙肝在儿童间的传播,但应提高新生儿HepB首针及时接种率,阻断母婴传播,降低乙肝感染率和流行率。
Objective To understand the serological status of children born after planned immunization of Hepatitis B virus (Hepatitis B) vaccine in Bahe District, Xinyang City, Henan Province and evaluate the efficacy of HepB vaccination. Methods According to the requirements of the sampling plan, 267 children aged 1 to 14 were randomly selected and their serums were collected for the detection of HBsAg, HBsAg and HBc (anti-HBc) Detection, HBsAg positive again hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B virus e antibody (anti-HBe) detection. Results The positive rate of HBsAg in children aged 1-14 years in Bahe District of Xinyang City was 2.25%, the positive rate of anti-HBs was 89.14% and the rate of HBV infection was 28.84%. There was no significant difference between different age groups and sex. Conclusion HepB vaccination in Bahe District of Xinyang City produced nearly 90% of HBeAg antibodies in rural areas, which could effectively block the transmission of hepatitis B among children. However, the timely vaccination rate of HepB in neonates should be increased, Block mother-to-child transmission and reduce hepatitis B infection and prevalence.