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目的：探讨直肠癌、直肠腺瘤和癌旁组织中P21的表达及意义．方法：应用ABC免疫组化方法检测21例直肠腺癌和癌旁组织，14例直肠腺瘤的P21表达。结果：P21在直肠腺癌、直肠腺瘤和癌旁组织中的阳性表达分别为76．2％、50％和19％.腺癌与癌旁组织的表达有明显差异（P＜0.05），腺癌的增强表达与分化程度、Duke’s分期、淋巴结转移无关，腺癌组织中不典型增生区域有表达．结论：P21表达与直肠腺癌发生有关并在早期诊断直肠腺癌和直肠腺瘤恶变上有价值。
3. Objective : To investigate the expression and significance of P21 in rectal cancer, rectal adenoma and paraneoplastic tissue. Methods: The expression of P21 in 21 cases of rectal adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissue and 14 cases of rectal adenoma was detected by ABC immunohistochemistry. Results: The positive expression of P21 in rectal adenocarcinoma, rectal adenoma, and paraneoplastic tissue was 76.2%, 50%, and 19%, respectively. The expression of adenocarcinoma was significantly different from that in adjacent tissues (P<0.05). The enhanced expression of cancer was not associated with the degree of differentiation, Duke’s stage, lymph node metastasis, but also in the dysplasia region of adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: P21 expression is associated with the occurrence of rectal adenocarcinoma and is valuable in the early diagnosis of rectal adenocarcinoma and malignant transformation of rectal adenoma.