Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) are common following blunt or penetrating trauma and can lead to disability and chronic pain in affected individuals, with limited options available to promote regeneration and functional recovery. From animal models, it is known that the regenerative capacity of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is heavily dependent upon the remarkable ability of Schwann cells to undergo a phenotypic shift from a supportive/myelinating/maintaining phenotype to one that encourages neural regeneration.