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目的探讨实施接种疫苗告知制度前后免疫接种率和不良反应发生率的影响。方法本研究于2012年1月以来在本社区实施计划免疫接种疫苗告知制度,并统计2013年1~12月计划免疫疫苗接种率和不良反应发生率,与2012年1~12月实施计划免疫接种疫苗告知制度前的计划免疫疫苗接种率和不良反应发生率进行对比分析。结果在实施接种疫苗告知制后(2013年1~12月),儿童计划免疫疫苗接种率(98.37%)和接种及时率(97.00%)均较实施接种疫苗告知制前(2012年1~12月)(88.92%、84.32%)明显提高,且差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.95、4.82,P<0.05)。在实施接种疫苗告知制前(2012年1~12月)统计的658名儿童中发生不良反应6例,不良反应发生率达0.91%;而在实施接种疫苗告知制后(2013年1~12月)统计的722名儿童中发生不良反应1例,不良反应发生率为0.14%;经统计学分析发现实施接种疫苗告知制后的不良反应发生率明显低于实施接种疫苗告知制前,且差异具有统计学意义(χ2=8.11,P<0.05)。结论通过实施接种疫苗告知制度,与儿童家长签订知情同意书,履行告知义务,可让家长了解相关知识,可以有效提高免疫接种率和及时接种率,另外还可以有效降低不良反应的发生,为减少医疗纠纷提供了证据,起到了保护医务人员的作用。
Objective To explore the impact of vaccination rate and incidence of adverse reactions before and after the vaccination system was introduced. Methods The study started from January 2012 in our community to implement the planned vaccination notification system and statistics of the planned immunization coverage and incidence of adverse reactions from January to December in 2013 and the planned immunization from January to December 2012 The comparison of the planned immunization vaccination rate and the incidence of adverse reactions before the vaccine notification system was carried out. Results After the vaccination notification system was implemented (from January to December in 2013), the vaccinated rate (98.37%) and the prompt vaccination rate (97.00%) of children were compared with those before vaccination (from January to December in 2012) ) (88.92%, 84.32%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.95,4.82, P <0.05). There were 6 adverse reactions in 658 children before the vaccination notification (January-December 2012), with a rate of 0.91% of adverse reactions. After the vaccination notification system was implemented (January-December 2013 ), 1 case of adverse reactions in 722 children, the incidence of adverse reactions was 0.14%; the statistical analysis found that the incidence of adverse reactions after vaccination notification system was significantly lower than before the implementation of vaccination, and the difference was Statistical significance (χ2 = 8.11, P <0.05). Conclusion Through the implementation of the vaccination notification system, signed informed consent form with parents of children and fulfilled the obligation of disclosure, parents can understand the relevant knowledge, which can effectively improve the vaccination rate and timely vaccination rate. In addition, it can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, Medical disputes provide evidence that plays a role in protecting medical staff.