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开端:1989/2185达科·苏恩文(Darko Suvin)也许是专门研究科幻小说的一位最重要的文学学者,他曾把科幻小说描述为“至少是间接地从乌托邦小说衍生而来;它即便不是乌托邦的亲生女儿,也至少是乌托邦的一个侄女——侄女通常羞于谈论其家世血统,但是却无法回避其家族遗传之命运。”(2)这个有趣的隐喻式的对比,说明了两种文类都有在现实之外寻找另类替代社会理想的思想倾向。苏恩文把科幻小说界定为“认知性陌生化文学”(3),在以工业革命和民族主义运动为标志19
The Beginning: 1989/2185 Darko Suvin, perhaps the most important literary scholar specializing in science fiction, once described science fiction as “at least indirectly derived from a utopian novel; Not a utopian biological daughter, or at least a niece of utopia - nosy is usually ashamed to talk about her family origin, but she can not avoid the fate of her family’s inheritance. ”(2) This interesting metaphorical comparison shows that two The genre has its own tendency to look for alternatives to social ideals beyond reality. Suen Wen defines science fiction as “Cognitive Defamiliar Literature ” (3), marked by the Industrial Revolution and Nationalist Movement 19