本文以希腊改革失败为案例进行实证研究,同时对比意大利的养老金改革。意大利改革经验体现了路径塑造(path shaping)和政治话语运用在缩小改革范围和推动变革上的重要性。在希腊的改革中,由于公共信息匮乏、准备不充分、内部决策等原因导致改革流产,这与意大利政府的信息共享、构建改革话语共识形成了鲜明对比。我们的研究承认制度的重要性,但我们认为,建立在理性选择思想和关键投票人基础上的纯制度解释还不够,还需要补充公共政策的行动者驱动(agency-driven)因素。 In this paper, the failure of Greece’s reform as an empirical study of the case, at the same time compared the pension reform in Italy. The Italian experience of reform reflects the importance of path shaping and the use of political discourse to narrow the scope of reform and promote change. In Greece’s reform, public information is lacking, inadequate preparation, internal decision-making and other reasons led to the reform of abortion, which is in sharp contrast with the Italian government’s information sharing and consensus building reform discourse. Our research acknowledges the importance of institutions, but we believe that purely institutional explanations based on rational choices and key voters are not enough and we need to complement agency-driven public policy.