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目的分析新疆生产建设兵团(简称兵团)第六师禽流感病毒的环境分布及职业暴露人群中禽流感病毒感染的情况。方法采用实时荧光反转录PCR方法检测禽流感环境标本的核酸,采用马红细胞血凝抑制试验检测职业暴露人群H5亚型(2013—2016)、H7亚型(2014—2016)和H9亚型(2016)血凝素抗体。结果环境标本中A型流感病毒阳性率为16.94%,其中各亚型阳性率从高到低为H9(13.02%)、H5(1.24%)、H7(0.00),其他亚型阳性率为2.69%;H9阳性率以(当年)9月—次年1月较高,H5只在11—12月检出,3种监测场所中,阳性率从高到低依次为活禽市场(21.63%)、规模养殖场(6.43%)、散养户(4.55%),5种类型标本阳性率从高到低依次为洗禽水标本(21.05%)、案板擦拭标本(19.75%)、粪便标本(16.10%)、禽类饮水标本(14.51%)、鸡笼擦拭标本(12.61%);职业暴露人群H5亚型抗体阳性2份、阳性率为0.22%,2014年检测出2份H5抗体阳性标本,均来自无症状感染者。结论活禽市场和养殖区禽流感病毒污染普遍存在,主要病原为H9、其次为H5。
Objective To analyze the environmental distribution of the sixth division of bird flu virus in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (Corps) and the case of avian influenza virus infection in the occupationally exposed population. Methods Real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of bird flu samples. The H5 subtype (2013-2016), H7 subtype (2014-2016) and H9 subtype 2016) Hemagglutinin antibody. Results The positive rate of influenza A virus in environmental samples was 16.94%. The positive rate of each subtype was H9 (13.02%), H5 (1.24%) and H7 (0.00), the positive rate of other subtypes was 2.69% ; H9 positive rate (current year) from September to January next year higher, H5 only detected in 11-12 months, the three monitoring sites, the positive rate from high to low in the order of live poultry market (21.63%), The positive rates of scale farms (6.43%) and loose-shelves households (4.55%) were highest among the five samples (21.05% for washing water, 19.75% for chopping board and 16.10% ), Poultry samples (14.51%) and cages (12.61%). Two H5 subtype antibodies were positive in the occupational exposure group, with a positive rate of 0.22%. In 2014, two H5 positive samples were detected, Symptoms of infection. Conclusion The contamination of avian influenza virus in live poultry market and aquaculture area is widespread. The main pathogen is H9, followed by H5.