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石油作为国家发展的战略能源,是世界最大的海运货类。随着各国谋求经济发展,石油海上运输呈比例逐渐增大、运量逐渐增加的趋势。在此基础上,油轮在吨位和体积上向大型化趋势发展,对航道的水深以及疏散程度的要求提高。而海峡其本身空间相对不变,在数量多、体积大的油轮通过时,突发性溢油事件发生的可能性增大。本文旨通过借鉴国际上成熟的海洋环境污染应急合作机制的构建模式以及现有的溢油相关国际公约,构建国际石油运输“咽喉”海峡的溢油应急反应合作机制,确保海峡的畅通无阻,使世界石油贸易航线能够正常运行。
As a strategic energy source for national development, petroleum is the largest seaborne cargo in the world. As countries seek economic development, the proportion of oil and marine transportation is gradually increasing, and the volume of traffic gradually increases. On this basis, oil tankers are becoming more and more large in tonnage and volume, and the requirements on water depth and evacuation of the waterway are enhanced. However, the strait space itself is relatively unchanged. When a large number of bulky oil tankers pass, the probability of a sudden oil spill event increases. This paper aims to build an oil spill emergency response cooperation mechanism for the international oil transport “Throat ” Strait by drawing lessons from the mature international model for the establishment of an emergency cooperation mechanism for marine environmental pollution and the existing international conventions related to oil spills, so as to ensure the smooth flow of the strait , So that the world oil trade route to normal operation.