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根据2002年福建沿海张网作业的生产调查及全省渔业统计,应用数据包络分析(DEA)法,分析福建沿海6个地级市和4个县市张网作业的捕捞能力及其影响因素,并与单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)法进行比较。结果表明,2000年和2002年,福建沿海张网作业“能力利用度”的变化范围分别为5 2%～100%和7 3%～100%,平均为67 2%和80 9%。各地市间张网作业的“能力利用度”有极显著差异(P<0 01),对给出的投入要素的利用未达到充分发挥其应有产出能力的水平,存在张网作业船数和网具数量的投入过多、渔船功率和吨位的投入偏大的问题。调查36个捕捞单位的“能力利用度”变化范围为46 4%～100%,平均77 4%。4个县市不同生产水域间张网作业“能力利用度”的差异极显著(P<0 01),捕捞单位间的“能力利用度”有显著差异(P<0 05)。近海有翼张网的平均“能力利用度”高于沿岸无翼张网的平均“能力利用度”;张网捕捞单位投入的功率、吨位、网具数量、渔船数和作业天数,对其捕捞能力的发挥有比较重要的影响。跨生产水域比较各捕捞单位投入的网具规格和船员数对其“捕捞能力”有一定的影响。CPUE法仅适用于单一或两个投入因子的计量,不足以充分反映张网作业的实际捕捞能力;DEA法则擅长多种投入要素的生产决策,提供各种约束条件的最优选择途径,可以有效获取比
According to the production survey of Fujian Zhangjiakou coastal operations and the fishery statistics of the province in 2002, the fishing ability and its influencing factors of Zhangjiakou operations in 6 prefecture-level cities and 4 counties in Fujian coastal area were analyzed by DEA And compared with the Unit Capture Fishing Catch (CPUE) method. The results show that in 2000 and 2002, the range of capacity utilization of Fujian Zhangjiakou coast was 52% ~ 100% and 73% ~ 100% respectively, with an average of 67 2% and 80 9%. There was a significant difference (P <0.01) between “capacity utilization ” of Zhang net jobs in various cities, and the utilization of the input factors given did not reach the level that should be able to give full play to its due output capacity. The number of vessels and the amount of gear invested too much, fishing power and tonnage investment is too large. The range of “capacity utilization” of 36 fishing units surveyed ranged from 46 4% to 100% with an average of 77 4%. There was a significant difference (P <0.01) in the capacity utilization among different production waters in four counties and the significant difference (P <0.05) in the ability utilization between fishing units. Average “capacity utilization” of coastal winged webs is higher than average “capacity utilization” of coastal webless webs; power, tonnage, number of nets, number of fishing vessels and days of operation , Have a more important influence on their fishing ability. The comparison of the specifications of the fishing gear and the number of crew members involved in each fishing unit across production waters has a certain impact on its “fishing ability”. The CPUE method is only suitable for the measurement of single or two input factors, not enough to fully reflect the actual fishing capacity of web operations. The DEA law is good at the production decision of a variety of input elements, provides the optimal choice of various constraints and can be effective Get the ratio