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多细胞生物基因组的特点是普遍表达不同类型的非编码RNA( ncRNAs)。长链ncRNAs ( LncRNAs)作为ncRNA中一种新的类型,包含着数千种不同的种类。 LncRNAs在分化和发育过程中起关键作用,并且在复杂生物体基因组内发现的LncRNAs数量不断增加,也暗示了其在多细胞生物进化过程中调控的重要性。研究表明,LncRNAs在剂量补偿、基因印迹、细胞分化及器官形成等方面发挥着重要功能,特别是在哺乳动物的发育过程中发挥着不可替代的作用。“,”Characteristics of genome of multicellular organisms is widely expressed various types of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs). Long non-coding RNA(LncRNAs),as a new type of ncRNAs,contains thousands of different species. It plays a critical role in differentiation and development,and the number of LncRNAs discovered in the genome of complex organisms is keep increasing,which suggests the importance of its regu-lation in multicellular organisms during evolution. Researches have shown LncRNAs plays an important role in many processes,for example in the dosage compensation,gene imprinting,cell differentiation and organ for-mation,particularly in the development of the mammal.