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目的了解福州地区2012-2015年互助献血与自愿无偿献血者的人员构成和血液安全性差异,为建立安全长效的无偿献血机制提供科学参考。方法统计2012-2015年福州地区互助献血和自愿无偿献血人群的性别、年龄、职业、学历构成和血型分布及血液检测不合格率,同时比较互助献血量与互助用血量情况。结果互助献血量占无偿献血总量比率从2012年的6.37%下降到2014年的4.14%,而同期自愿无偿献血量比率呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8946.24,P<0.05);互助献血和自愿无偿献血人群的年龄、性别、职业、学历构成对比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),互助献血和自愿无偿献血的血液检测总不合格率和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、乙肝病毒(HBV)、核酸、梅毒螺旋体(TP)单项不合格率对比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),互助献血和自愿无偿献血的血液检测丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)不合格率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论互助献血是无偿献血的形式之一,能在一定程度上缓解临床用血紧张局面,但互助献血的血液安全潜在风险高于自愿无偿献血者,应加强对互助献血者的健康征询、血液筛查及宣传教育,逐渐引导其接受和支持无偿献血,同时更应该注重无偿献血工作的长远发展,建立长效的无偿献血机制,这才是临床输血安全的重要保障。
Objective To understand the composition and blood safety of mutual aid and voluntary blood donors in Fuzhou from 2012 to 2015 and provide scientific references for establishing a safe and long-term mechanism of voluntary blood donation. Methods Statistics were made on the gender, age, occupation, educational level, blood type distribution and blood test unqualified rate of mutual aid blood donation and mutual aid blood donation in Fuzhou area during 2012-2015. Results The ratio of mutual donation to total unpaid blood donation decreased from 6.37% in 2012 to 4.14% in 2014, while the voluntary donation amount increased in the same period (χ2 = 8946.24, P <0.05). There were significant differences in the age, sex, occupation and educational level among the groups with mutual donation and voluntary donation (P <0.05), the total unqualified blood test with mutual donation and voluntary blood donation, and the difference between alanine aminotransferase ALT, HBV, TP and TP were all significantly different (P <0.05). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were detected in blood donated by mutual donation and voluntary blood donation There was no significant difference in the rate of unqualified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (P> 0.05). Conclusion Mutual help and blood donation is one of the forms of voluntary blood donation, which can relieve clinical blood tension to some extent. However, the potential risk of mutual blood donation is higher than that of voluntary blood donors. Health counseling on blood donors should be strengthened, In the meantime, we should guide and guide them to accept and support blood donation without delay. At the same time, we should pay more attention to the long-term development of voluntary blood donation and establish a long-term mechanism of blood donation. This is an important guarantee for the safety of clinical blood transfusion.