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目的研究葫芦岛市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征、长期变化趋势以及疫区分型,以制定有针对性的防制措施。方法采用流行病学方法研究疫情;实验室采用间接免疫荧光法检测鼠肺汉坦病毒抗原,计算鼠带病毒率;采集HFRS恢复期患者血清,通过血凝抑制试验(HI)进行分型。结果 1998年以来HFRS发病一直较高,2006年开始大幅下降;有比较明显的春季发病高峰,2-6月发病数占总病例数的61.37%;高发人群为青壮年男性农民;鼠密度及鼠带病毒率一直较高;恢复期患者血清检测为家鼠型。结论葫芦岛市HFRS疫情近年来下降幅度较大,主要与大范围疫苗接种有关;疫区型别为家鼠型,未向混合型疫区转变;应加强灭鼠、防鼠工作,加强既往接种人群长期预防效果观察和必要的强化免疫。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics, long-term changes and epidemic types of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Huludao City in order to make targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to study the epidemic situation. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the Hantaan virus antigen in the murine lung and the viral load was calculated. The sera of patients with HFRS recovery were collected and typed by the hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). Results The incidence of HFRS has been high since 1998 and dropped sharply in 2006; the peak incidence in spring was obvious; the incidence in February-June accounted for 61.37% of the total number of cases; the high-incidence population was male and young peasants; With the virus rate has been higher; convalescent serum test for the domestic mouse type. Conclusion The epidemic situation of HFRS in Huludao City decreased greatly in recent years, mainly related to the large-scale vaccination. The type of epidemic area was home-mouse type, and did not change to mixed epidemic-type areas. Rodent control and rodent prevention should be strengthened to strengthen previous vaccination Long-term prevention of the crowd observation and the necessary strengthening of immune.