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六朝时期,园林审美意识兴起并大获发展。仲长统以老庄思想为依归,在园林中寻求个体的独立和生命的超越,奠定了六朝园林美学的理论基础。石崇的金谷园一方面极力地彰显对于物欲的占有,另一方面同样体现出超越意识和审美精神。东晋南朝时期,自然美的观念深入人心,园林的营构更为自觉地以亲近自然、有若自然为旨归,园林的文化功能更多地被视为是审美性的,谢灵运的山居园可为代表。这种园林审美意识一经确立,遂成为后世园林美学的范式。
During the Six Dynasties, the aesthetic consciousness of gardens rose and developed greatly. Zhong Chang Tong Taoist ideology as the basis, in the garden seeking individual independence and life beyond, laid the theoretical foundation of the Six Dynasties garden aesthetics. On the one hand, Shigeki’s Golden Valley Park strongly demonstrates the possession of material objects and, on the other hand, also reflects its transcendence consciousness and aesthetic spirit. During the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties, the concept of natural beauty was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The structure of the garden was more consciously nearer to nature. If natural is the goal, the cultural functions of the garden are more regarded as aesthetic. Xie Lingyun’s mountain home can be representative. Once this garden aesthetic sense was established, it became the paradigm of landscape aesthetics.