报告1例经病理结合临床和胸部X线确诊的闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎。临床表现为不规则低热，呼吸困难，紫绀，杵状指（趾）。胸部X线检查显示两上中肺弥漫性斑片状阴影。病理组织学检查显示呼吸性细支气管内有机化物渗出，肺泡腔内亦有机化性渗出物呈息肉状突入致肺泡腔不完全性阻塞。肺泡壁有轻度肺间质纤维化，可见单核细胞浸润。经强的松治疗两年痊愈。 One case of bronchiolitis obliterans diagnosed with clinical and chest X-ray confirmed by pathology was reported with opportunistic pneumonia. Clinical manifestations of irregular fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, clubbing (toe). Chest X-ray examination showed diffuse patchy shadows on both middle lungs. Histopathological examination revealed exudation of organic material in the respiratory bronchioles, and organic aloe exudates in the alveolar cavity were polypoidly protruding into the alveolar cavity, resulting in incomplete obstruction. Alveolar wall with mild pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, monocyte infiltration can be seen. After two years of treatment of prednisone recovered.