1．石油公司进行的是同行业或大体相近行业企业的横向或纵向兼并和合并。近年来西方石油公司的兼并和合并不同于80年代末和90年代初的资产购并，当时进行资产重组的目的是变单一经营为多种经营，实施的是跨行业兼并和合并战略。此次兼并和合并以纵向一体化经营为主，石油公司进 1. Oil companies conduct horizontal or vertical mergers and mergers with companies in the same industry or roughly the same industry. In recent years, mergers and acquisitions by western oil companies have been different from asset mergers and acquisitions in the late 1980s and early 1990s. At the time, the purpose of asset restructuring was to transform a single operation into diversified operations, and to implement a cross-sector merger and acquisition strategy. The acquisitions and mergers were mainly vertical integration operations, with oil companies entering