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从1963年2月美国发射第一颗辛康同步通信卫星以来,世界各国已发射了150颗同步通信卫星(至1982年年底)。从表1中可见,有128颗卫星进入了同步轨道,22颗卫星发射失败,失败原因列于表2。尽管通信卫星的发射和制造技术日益成熟和完善,但它们在发射和轨道工作期间仍经常会发生各种故障,有的还相当严重,甚至使卫星失效。这是因为同步卫星的发射过程和卫星本身都是极为复杂的,每颗卫星由成千上万个零部件总装而成,如一颗国际通信卫星V包含了35000多个零部件,而且卫星要在复杂、苛刻的空间环境内工作,因此要保证这样大量的零部件在轨道上工作5年、7年甚至10年不出故障是很难办到的。
Since the first Syngene synchronous communications satellite was launched by the United States in February 1963, 150 synchronous communications satellites have been launched in various countries in the world (by the end of 1982). As can be seen from Table 1, 128 satellites have entered the geostationary orbit and 22 satellites have failed to launch. The reasons for the failure are listed in Table 2. Although the launch and manufacture of communication satellites are becoming more sophisticated and sophisticated, they often cause various faults during launch and orbital operations, and some are quite serious and even deactivate satellites. This is because the launching process of the geostationary satellite and the satellite itself are extremely complicated. Each satellite is made up of tens of thousands of components, such as an international communications satellite V containing more than 35,000 components and satellite Complex, harsh space environment work, so to ensure that such a large number of parts in the track to work five years, seven years or even 10 years without failure is difficult to do.