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目的:构建西南少数民族乐观、社会比较与心理压力、应对方式的关系模型。方法:对1325名西南少数民族群众采用乐观问卷、社会比较问卷、少数民族心理压力问卷、少数民族应对方式问卷进行测试,并用结构方程探索和验证了各变量之间的关系模型。结果:社会比较对心理压力有显著的直接预测作用,乐观对心理压力有间接预测作用;心理压力、社会比较、乐观对消极应对有直接预测作用,同时乐观、社会比较还对消极应对有间接预测作用;心理压力是社会比较影响消极应对的中介因素,社会比较是乐观影响消极应对的中介因素;乐观对积极应对有直接预测作用。结论:乐观、社会比较与心理压力、应对方式的作用得到结构方程模型的有力支持。
Objective: To construct a model of relationship between optimism, social comparison, psychological stress and coping style of Southwest Minorities. Methods: A total of 1325 Southwest ethnic minorities were tested using the optimistic questionnaire, social comparison questionnaire, minority psychological stress questionnaire and ethnic minority coping style questionnaire. The structural equation was used to explore and verify the relationship between the variables. Results: Social comparison has a significant direct predictive effect on psychological stress. Optimism has an indirect effect on psychological stress. Psychological stress, social comparison and optimism have direct predictive effects on negative coping. At the same time, optimistic and social comparison also indirectly predict negative coping. Psychological pressure is an intermediate factor that affects society in comparison with negative coping. Social comparison is an intermediary factor that optimizes negative coping; optimism has a direct predictive effect on active coping. CONCLUSIONS: Optimism, social comparison, psychological stress, and coping styles are strongly supported by structural equation modeling.