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背景:在影响大学生心理健康相关因素的分析中发现,父母教育方式对其人格特征发展有较重要的意义。目的:调查大学生的心理健康水平及人格特征与父母养育方式的关系。设计:抽样调查。单位:山东省聊城大学教育科学学院心理学实验室。对象:调查于2004-05在山东省聊城大学教育科学学院心理学实验室完成。随机抽取山东省聊城市某大学在校大学生196人,男生101人(51.5%),女生95人(48.5%),年龄18～22岁,平均(20±2)岁。方法:在调查者的统一指导下,应用症状自评量表、状态-特质焦虑量表、艾森克人格问卷简式量表和父母养育方式评价量表对大学生参与者进行集体测试。结果:纳入196名大学生均进入结果分析。①症状自评量表和状态-特质焦虑量表的所有因子与艾森克人格问卷简式量表的情绪稳定性、倔强性维度正相关显著,与外向性、掩饰性维度负相关显著;②症状自评量表的不同因子与父母不良的养育方式有不同程度的正相关;③情绪稳定性维度与父母的情感温暖与理解负相关显著,与父母不良的养育方式正相关显著。外向性维度与父母的情感温暖与理解正相关显著。结论:①大学生的心理健康水平与其人格特征有非常密切的相关关系。②父母不良的养育方式对大学生的心理健康有显著影响。③父母养育方式可以通过作用于青少年的人格特征而对大学生的心理健康产生重要影响。改善父母不良的养育方式,塑造大学生健康的人格特点,有助于提高大学生的心理健康水平。
Background: In the analysis of the related factors that affect the mental health of college students, it is found that parental education has more important meanings on the development of personality traits. Objective: To investigate the relationship between mental health and personality characteristics of college students and parental rearing patterns. Design: sample survey. Unit: Liaocheng University, Shandong Institute of Psychology, Psychology Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: The survey was conducted in the psychology laboratory of Liaocheng University School of Education Science in Shandong Province in 2004-05. A total of 196 college students were enrolled in a university in Liaocheng, Shandong Province. There were 101 boys (51.5%) and 95 girls (48.5%), aged from 18 to 22 years (mean, 20 ± 2 years). Methods: Under the unified guidance of the investigators, the college students participants were tested collectively with symptom checklist, state-trait anxiety scale, Eysenck personality questionnaire, and parental rearing style rating scale. Results: 196 college students were included in the result analysis. ① All the factors of self-rating Symptom Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Scale have a positive correlation with the emotional stability and stubbornness dimension of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and have a negative correlation with the extroversion and concealment dimensions; The different factors of symptom self-rating scale have positive correlation with different parental rearing patterns; ③ The dimension of emotional stability is negatively correlated with the emotional warmth and understanding of parents, and positively correlated with the poor parental rearing patterns. Extroversion dimension is positively correlated with parental emotion warmth and understanding. Conclusion: ①The level of mental health of college students is closely related to their personality traits. ② poor parental rearing patterns have a significant impact on the mental health of college students. ③ Parental rearing can have a significant impact on the mental health of college students by acting on the personality traits of adolescents. Improve parents ’poor parenting styles, shape the personality characteristics of college students’ health, and help improve the mental health of college students.