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ras基因家族包含H-ras、K-ras和N-ras3种,3种ras基因结构相似,表达产物通称p21蛋白,在细胞间的信息传递及细胞分化方面起着关键作用.ras基因在第12、13或61位密码子发生点突变后,p21蛋白的氨基酸序列及空间构象随之发生变化,使得p21蛋白在信息传递后仍不失活,刺激细胞无限制性生长,并认为在某些肿瘤的发生及发展中起着关键性作用.胰腺癌K-ras基因点突变率高达67%～100%,突变几乎总是发生在第12位密码子上,偶报告发生在第13位密码子;突变方式也几乎皆为野生型GGT突变为CGT、GTT及GAT,偶报告突变为TGT等,而正常胰腺组织、急慢性胰腺炎、胰岛素瘤、胰腺良性囊肿及胰腺其他疾病
The ras gene family contains H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras3 species. The three ras genes share a similar structure. The expression product is called p21 protein and plays a key role in cell-to-cell information transmission and cell differentiation. The ras gene is in the 12th. After a point mutation at the 13th or 61th codon, the amino acid sequence and spatial conformation of p21 protein will change accordingly, making p21 protein still inactive after information transmission, stimulating cell growth without restriction, and it is considered to be in some tumors. The incidence and development of the play a key role. Pancreatic cancer K-ras gene point mutation rate as high as 67% to 100%, mutations almost always occur in the 12th codon, occasionally reported in the 13th codon; Mutation patterns are almost always wild-type GGT mutations to CGT, GTT, and GAT, even reported mutations to TGT, etc., but normal pancreatic tissue, acute and chronic pancreatitis, insulinoma, pancreatic benign cyst, and other pancreatic diseases