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目的：分析肺曲菌球的Ｘ线表现以及其原发空洞的鉴别诊断。方法：１０例经手术。病理证实的肺曲菌球，全部摄有胸部平片及病灶体层片，作者用双盲法结合文献分析肺曲菌球以及其原发空洞的Ｘ线诊断。结果：１０例空洞均为厚壁空洞（＞４ｃｍ）。３例肺癌空洞内壁不光滑，７例（６例结核，１例肺脓肿）内壁光滑。肺曲菌球Ｘ表现为空洞内见类圆形、椭圆形或不规则形球状物，大小２．５ｃｍ×２．５ｃｍ至２．５ｃｍ×４ｃｍ，边缘较毛糙，１例有钙化，球状物周围均由月芽形气影围绕。６例球状物在空洞中的位置可随体位的变动而改变。结论：曲菌球指曲霉菌寄生在肺结核、肺癌、肺脓肿、肺囊肿以及支气管扩张的空洞（腔）内，生长菌丝使其聚集形成致密的球状物。Ｘ线表现为空洞（腔）内球形致密阴影，周围有环形或半月形空气影包绕，球状物在空洞的位置可随体位的变动而变化。不同性质的空洞仍保留了一些自身的特点，如癌性空洞内壁不光滑，结核空洞附近有卫星病灶，肺脓肿空洞周围多较毛糙等。当发现肺慢性空洞（腔）内有球形肿块影时，应想到肺曲菌球的可能，在确认曲菌球存在时，应根据空洞的形态，周围病灶和肺门淋巴结是否肿大等对空洞性质进行判别，其要点基本上与无曲菌球生长时相同
Objective: To analyze the X-ray manifestations of pulmonary aspergilloma and the differential diagnosis of its primary cavity. Methods: Ten patients underwent surgery. Pulmonary aspergillosis confirmed by pathology, all chest plain film and the lesion slice body, the authors use double-blind method combined with literature analysis of pulmonary aspergillosis and its primary empty X-ray diagnosis. Results: All 10 cases were thick-walled hollow (> 4cm). 3 cases of lung cancer cavity wall is not smooth, 7 cases (6 cases of tuberculosis, 1 cases of lung abscess) wall smooth. Pulmonary aspergillosis X showed cavities with round, oval or irregular shaped globes ranging in size from 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm to 2.5 cm × 4 cm with rough edges and 1 with calcification around the globes By bud-shaped shadow around. 6 cases of ball in the cavity of the position may change with changes in position. Conclusion: Aspergillus terrestris is parasitic in the cavities (cavities) of pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer, lung abscess, pulmonary cyst and bronchiectasis, and the mycelium grows to form compact spheres. X-ray showed hollow (cavity) spherical dense shadow around the ring or half moon-shaped air shadow around the ball in the hollow position can vary with position changes. Void of different nature still retains some of its own characteristics, such as cancerous cavity wall is not smooth, near the tuberculosis cavity satellite lesions, lung abscess cavity more rough and so on. When found in the chronic lung cavity (cavity) spherical mass shadow, should think of the possibility of pulmonary aspergillosis, in the presence of aspergillosis confirmation, should be based on the shape of the cavity, surrounding lesions and hilar lymph nodes swelling or not on the hole The nature of discrimination, the main points are basically the same as the growth of Aspergillus