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为提高桥梁横向挡块的抗震能力,针对挡块斜截面脆性剪断破坏的震害现象,提出了“限制破坏范围”和“提高塑性变形能力”2个抗震性能目标;采用拟静力试验研究了剪切钢筋与水平拉筋的相对数量关系,以及剪切钢筋布置方式、施工缝、加载位置等对挡块性能的影响;通过回归分析拟合了挡块的滑移强度,并提出了使挡块发生滑移破坏所需满足的配筋和构造细节。研究结果表明:挡块的破坏形态分为斜截面剪切、连接面剪切、连接面滑移3种;当发生连接面滑移破坏时,挡块及盖梁本身完好无损,两者仅在连接面上产生大位移相对滑动,挡块塑性变形能力最大,且便于震害修复;挡块的滑移强度与其剪切钢筋参数之间呈近似线性关系,利于工程设计计算。
In order to improve the seismic resistance of the horizontal cross-section of the bridge, aiming at the seismic damage phenomenon of the brittle shear failure of the cross-section of the block, two seismic performance targets of “limit damage range” and “increase plastic deformation capacity” are proposed. The relationship between the amount of shear reinforcement and horizontal reinforcement, the arrangement of shear reinforcement, construction joints and loading position on the performance of the block were studied by force test. The slip strength of the block was fitted by regression analysis. Proposed to make the block slip damage required to meet the reinforcement and structural details. The results show that the failure modes of the block are divided into three types: the shear of the cross section, the shear of the connection surface and the slippage of the connection surface. When the slip of the connection surface occurs, the stopper and the cover beam are intact, The large displacements on the connecting surface slide relative to each other, and the plastic deformation capacity of the block is the largest, which is convenient for the earthquake damage repair. The slip strength of the block is approximately linear with the parameters of the shear bar, which is good for engineering design and calculation.