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朱陈之辩内在的紧张是黄宗羲哲学着力解决的问题。通过区别不同意义上的事功,为天下之事功与为一家之事功,黄宗羲积极肯定前一种事功。为天下之事功不只是君王之责,孟子“人皆可以为尧舜”的思想经王阳明心学得到光大,人皆有良知,马医夏畦皆可反身认取。作为姚江后学,黄宗羲立足于心学认为士臣也承载天理,参赞化育,使天地之仁长存。汉唐之君不及三代,然汉唐之臣却有如三代人物者,盖所以天理不灭。如何保证士臣与君分治天下,黄宗羲做了具体的政治制度设计。
The internal tension of Zhu Chenzhi’s argument is the one that Huang Zongxi tried to solve. By distinguishing between different meanings, Huang Zongxi positively affirmed the former meritorious service for the world’s merits and deeds. It is not only the responsibility of the king to do things in the world, but Mencius’s idea that “everyone can be Yao and Shun” has been radiated by Wang Yangming’s mind and everyone has conscience. As a post-Yao study, Huang Zong-xi, based on the psychology that soldiers also bear the truth, counseling foster education, so that the world of humanity forever. The Han and Tang Dynasties less than three generations of the king, then the Han and Tang Dynasties minister, but there are three generations of characters, cover so immortality. How to ensure that scholar and king divide the world, Huang Zongxi made a concrete political system design.