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目的:调查了解某部官兵营养知识、营养态度、饮食行为(KAP)状况及影响因素,为开展营养健康教育提供依据。方法:采用自行设计的营养KAP调查问卷,以整群抽样的方法对某部357例官兵进行调查。问卷由基本情况、营养知识、营养态度及饮食行为4部分组成,共40道题,满分100分。统计官兵营养KAP总得分和营养知识、营养态度及饮食行为得分情况,采用直线相关分析或Spearman等级相关分析法,分析影响官兵营养知识、营养态度和饮食行为的相关因素。结果:某部官兵营养KAP总得分和营养知识、营养态度及饮食行为得分的及格率,分别为82.6%、56.9%、75.9%和96.1%。影响官兵营养知识和饮食行为的主要因素为性别及营养态度;影响官兵营养态度的主要因素为营养知识与饮食行为。结论:某部官兵的营养态度较好,饮食行为较合理,但营养知识水平较低,应有针对性地加强营养健康宣传教育。
Objective: To investigate and understand the nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude, dietary behavior (KAP) and the influencing factors of officers and soldiers of a certain department to investigate and provide basis for carrying out nutrition and health education. Methods: A self-designed nutritional KAP questionnaire was used to survey 357 officers and men of a certain department by means of cluster sampling. The questionnaire consists of 4 parts: basic information, nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude and dietary behaviors, with 40 questions out of 100 points. Statistical officers and soldiers nutrition KAP total score and nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude and eating behavior scores, using linear correlation analysis or Spearman rank correlation analysis, analysis of nutritional information affecting officers and men, nutritional attitude and dietary factors. Results: The score of nutritional KAP total score and nutritional knowledge, nutrition attitude and diet behavior score of a certain officer and soldier were 82.6%, 56.9%, 75.9% and 96.1% respectively. The main factors affecting the nutrition knowledge and dietary behaviors of officers and men are gender and nutrition attitude; the main factors affecting the nutrition attitude of officers and men are nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors. CONCLUSION: The officers and soldiers of a certain department have better nutrition attitude and better dietary behaviors, but the nutritional knowledge level is lower. Therefore, nutrition and health education should be strengthened in a targeted manner.