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单性物种一般是多倍体,且通过单性生殖方式如雌核生殖、杂种生殖或孤雌生殖繁殖.与其他单性和多倍体物种相比,银鲫具有更高的倍性,为六倍体.它经历了几轮连续的基因组多倍化,还经历了一次额外的、在较近年代发生的基因组复制事件.更为重要的是,银鲫已被证实同时存在雌核生殖和有性生殖双重生殖方式.本文综述了银鲫的多倍化起源、克隆多样性和双重生殖方式的遗传基础,概述了其新品种培育和有关其生殖与早期发育相关基因鉴定的研究进展.已有实验证据表明,银鲫正处于二倍化的进化轨道中.作为一个新的进化发育(Evo-Devo)生物学模型,重点论述了银鲫在重复基因的功能歧化和单性动物的有性起源和进化等方面的研究前景.
Uniparental species are generally polyploid, and multiply by unisexual reproduction such as gynogenetic, hybrid or parthenogenetic reproduction. Compared with other uniparental and polyploid species, silver crucian carp has higher ploidy Hexaploid, which has undergone several consecutive rounds of genomic polyploidization and has undergone an additional, more recent genomic duplication event, and more importantly, silver crucian carp has been shown to have both gynogenetic and This article reviews the genetic origins of polyploidy, clonal diversity and double reproductive methods of silver crucian carp, and summarizes the progress of its new breed breeding and its related gene identification of reproductive and early development. There is experimental evidence that silver crucian carp is in the evolutionary path of diploidization.As a new biological model of evolution and development (Evo-Devo), the paper mainly discusses the functional disproportionation of silver crucian carp Origin and evolution of research prospects.