英国的司法审查根据是从法院长期累积的无数判例中总结出来的,至今没有法典化,因此没有完全一致的说法,司法判决中话语混杂。历史上,曾经盛行过所谓案卷表面错误(erroron the face of the re-cord),即法院用调卷令(certiorari)调阅下级裁判所或者行政机关的案卷,一旦发现错误就撤销其决定。这一审查根据现已衰落,被越权原则所取代。根据迪普洛克法宫1984年在著名的GCHQ案件中所作的权威总结,英国的司法审查包括下 According to the numerous jurisprudence that the court has accumulated over a long period of time, the judicial review in the United Kingdom has not been codified so far. Therefore, there is no exact consensus and the utterances are mixed in judicial decisions. Historically, the so-called erroron the face of the re-cord, the court’s use of certiorari to refer to a case of a lower tribunal or administrative body, once withdrawn its decision upon discovery of an error. This review has been replaced by the principle of ultra vires as it is now declining. According to the definitive summary made in the well-known GCHQ case in 1984 by Diplomatically Palace, the judicial review in the United Kingdom included