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集聚理论认为,企业在一定范围内的集聚可以带来外部经济,低碳企业的集聚也应具有外部性,但是城市规模和企业规模变量会影响到集聚效应的类型。因此,本文选取了2009年的160个上市公司的年报数据,利用计量回归模型检验了不同规模的低碳产业在不同规模城市中所具有的不同类型的集聚效应。结果表明:低碳企业在我国城市中得益于马歇尔外部经济和雅各布斯外部经济。具体说来,就低碳产业而言,中等城市和大城市具有更为显著的马歇尔外部经济;特大城市具有更为显著的雅各布斯外部经济。就不同规模的企业而言,小型低碳企业显著受益于雅各布斯外部经济,但大中型低碳企业很少得益于雅各布斯外部经济。
Agglomeration theory holds that the agglomeration of enterprises within a certain range can bring the external economy and the agglomeration of low-carbon enterprises should also be external, but the urban-scale and enterprise-scale variables will affect the type of agglomeration effect. Therefore, this paper selects the annual report data of 160 listed companies in 2009 and uses the regression model to test the different types of agglomeration effects of different scale low-carbon industries in different cities. The results show that: low-carbon enterprises in China’s cities benefit from the external economy of Marshall and Jacobs external economy. Specifically, in the case of low-carbon industries, the medium and large cities have an even more pronounced external Marshallian economy; megacities have a more pronounced Jacobs external economy. Small and low-carbon businesses have significantly benefited from the external economy of Jacobs for companies of all sizes, but large and medium-sized and low-carbon companies seldom benefit from the external economy of Jacobs.