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本文对20CrMo钢制的三牙轮钻头牙爪的服役条件和主要失效形式进行了分析,指出:牙爪跑道过早发生块状剥落是由于渗碳层的多次冲击接触疲劳抗力不足引起的。采用高温淬火、回火来调整碳化物形态和低温短时加热淬火,适当提高回火温度和滚压强化等措施后。钻头台架试验寿命比原工艺钻头提高了3.5倍,并超过了美国同类型钻头台架试验寿命。油田试验结果,使用寿命与美国同类型钻头相当。文中还对美国钻头用钢、热处理后组织特点、机械性能、钻头台架等作了对比分析和试验,为合理选择象钻头牙爪这样一类承受多冲接触疲劳的零件的用钢及制订热处理工艺提供了依据。
In this paper, the operating conditions and the main failure modes of 20CrMo steel tricone bit were analyzed. It is pointed out that the premature spalling of the claw track is caused by the insufficient contact fatigue resistance of carburized layer. Using high-temperature quenching and tempering to adjust carbide morphology and short-term heating quenching, appropriate to improve the tempering temperature and rolling intensification measures. Drill bit test life than the original craft drill bit increased by 3.5 times, and exceeded the United States of the same type drill bit test life. Field test results, the service life of the same type of drill bit in the United States. In the paper, comparative analysis and experiment are also made on the steel used for the drill bit in the United States, the characteristics of the structure after the heat treatment, the mechanical properties and the drill bit bench. In order to rationally select the types of steel which bear the multi-contact fatigue such as bit claws and make heat treatment Process provided the basis.